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Can your smartphone reduce your energy footprint?

Monitor your power use on your smartphone.
Monitor your power use on your smartphone.

New mobile technology is making energy use – and wastage – much more visible for households.

Since 2009, Powershop has burnished its green credentials as one of the only New Zealand power companies actively helping its customers to use less electricity.

The first to sell carbon offset energy through its online shop, Powershop has now positioned itself as the world’s only ‘mobile power company’. CEO Ari Sargent says smartphones can be fantastic tools for households who want to reduce their energy footprint.

“Mobile makes viewing and understanding energy consumption radically simpler, easier to understand and, importantly, more fun.

“It gives you an incentive to really understand where you’re using or wasting the most power, which leads to lower usage,” Mr Sargent says.

Powershop’s mobile app lets you track and compare your power use between days when heat pumps or heaters were switched off or left running, mornings when no one was home and when guests stayed over, or nights when the game console was used heavily or not at all.

“Mobile makes it real. If you can literally see the difference between switching lights off or leaving them on, you’re far more likely to change your habits and behaviour,” Mr Sargent says.

Small steps add up

Max Dermann, a self-professed ‘conscious consumer’ from the Kapiti Coast joined Powershop three years ago to gain better control over his power consumption. Max says it was just one more choice his family could make to reduce their impact on the environment.

“I want my children to grow up breathing clean air. Everyone can take small steps toward making that happen, if more of us do and we combine them, they become huge steps,” Mr Dermann says.

All the electricity Max buys from Powershop, a product called Airshed, is carbon offset. He and his family also ride bicycles where they can instead of driving, use energy efficient lighting and appliances, grow vegetables at home and buy local organic produce whenever possible.

Max uses Powershop’s mobile app to track how much power his appliances use on a daily basis. He recently found turning his heat pumps down at night used no more power than switching them off and powering them up in the morning.

“It just takes a few seconds to open the app and all the information is there. It’s like checking the weather or your bank account. Mobile is the perfect platform to make you more aware of how much energy you’re using.”

Max and his wife are now thinking of building a modern log home constructed from sustainably sourced pine wood. Despite taking a fraction of the energy to heat compared with traditional New Zealand homes, he says he’ll still track his power use on his smartphone.

“If we can choose to use less energy without compromising our comfort or quality of life, we should make that choice, both for ourselves and our children’s generation,” Mr Dermann says.

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Merry Christmas from PcRecycling

xmas one

 

We would like to wish all our PcRecycling fans a very Merry Christmas.

Keep safe these holidays.

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Auckland must prepare for climate change – scientist

Aucklanders need to prepare for the wide-ranging impacts that climate change will have on their city, a leading scientist says.

Independent climate scientist Dr Jim Salinger, author of the book Living In a Warmer World, will explain what climate change will mean for New Zealand’s largest city in a public lecture at AUT University tomorrow evening.

Dr Salinger believed there was not enough awareness of what several degrees of warming — and potentially more than a metre of sea level rise — within this century could mean for Aucklanders, as well as all Kiwis.

“In my personal view, people who live on the coast are not aware — but when their homes become uninsurable, they’ll be very aware.”

According to present projections, the mean temperature in New Zealand could be 2C higher by the end of the century — and even between 3C and 4C higher if no action is taken to curb the world’s carbon emissions.

Within the same period, sea level was expected to rise between 50cm and 120cm, leaving populations to adapt by either abandoning coasts and islands, changing infrastructure and coastal zones, or protecting areas with barriers or dykes.

Already, temperatures in Auckland had warmed by 1C over the last 100 years, while sea level rise from 1899 to 2014 was in the order of 18 cm, Dr Salinger said.

A report on sea level rise by Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment Dr Jan Wright said the impact of even a small rise in sea level would be significant and very costly for some landowners.

Storms occurring on top of a higher sea level would affect public infrastructure such as roads, railways and stormwater systems, as well as private homes and other buildings.

Climate change was also expected to result in more large storms compounding the effects of sea level rise.

The major coastal floods that Auckland experienced in 1936 and 2011 — the latter flooding downtown shops, homes and roads — would occur about once every decade, according to Niwa projections.

If climate change continued unabated, that frequency could increase to each year.

“Just think about what happened in April this year, where there was flooding on the northwestern motorway and Tamaki Drive. That would become commonplace,” Dr Salinger said.

“We really have to be thinking now about how we plan cities — including where people are and what they’ll need to do — because these sorts of things take a while to implement.”

In another impact Dr Salinger will address, Auckland would feel the effect of climate change on Pacific nations, which he considered New Zealand’s “front yard”.

He said the risk of displacement and relocation from Pacific islands was a reality, and building capacity for an influx of new residents in Auckland now should be a priority.

Auckland Pacific communities would also need to be strong to accommodate migrants and assist those remaining in the islands.

Dr Salinger noted how New Zealand’s 20,000-strong Niuean population, mainly in Auckland, raised funds and provided volunteers to help in Niue in the wake of the devastating Cyclone Heta in 2004.

Industries would also see change.

Hayward kiwifruit production may become uneconomic in Auckland over the next 50 years, due to a lack of winter chilling, while sub-tropical crops such as avocados and citrus would benefit from a trend towards warmer average conditions.

Some tropical fruit crops could presently be grown in localised micro-climates in Auckland, but it was likely that opportunities for these crops would increase, he said.

A warmer climate might change where wine production could be based around the region, but would also bring more pest and disease pressure.

Rising ocean temperatures and ocean acidification was also altering marine life, moving fisheries southward, threatening shell fisheries, and changing life cycles.

But Dr Salinger said climate warming was just one of several pressures on fisheries, and reducing fishing pressure could only help the situation.

His talk, part of the Auckland Conservations series, will be held from 5.30pm tomorrow, December 4, at the Sir Paul Reeves Building lecture theatre, Governor Fitzroy Pl.

NZ Herald

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Light triggers plastics rebirth

United States: A discovery by researchers at North Dakota State University in the USA could yield a new type of plastic that can be broken down when exposed to a specific type of light. Essentially, the material is reduced back to molecules, which would allow it to be turned into new plastic.

The team’s concept experiment utilised a fructose – found commonly in fruit – to create a solution of molecules, which was then converted into a plastic polymer. By exposing the plastic to ultraviolet light at 350 nanometres for three hours, researchers degraded the plastic and reduced it back to the soluble, building-block molecules from which it began.

‘Plastics usually don’t decay for hundreds of years, creating solid waste issues,’ comments Dr Dean Webster. ‘This cradle-to-cradle approach to create a plastic which can be degraded easily offers scientific potential for eventual products that could lessen dependence on fossil fuels and decrease the amount of raw materials needed.’

In the next two years, the group will examine how its method could benefit plastics used in real-life applications such as car and electronics manufacturing. A key question will relate to the durability and strength of the plastics to ensure commercialisation.

For more information, visit: www.ndsu.edu

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Green gifts on wish-list this holiday season

United States: Throughout the festive season, many shoppers will be looking for – and be willing to pay more for – recyclable gifts, a new study commissioned by the Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries (ISRI) has found.

Some 66% of Americans say they pay attention to information about a product’s recycled content before buying it. Also, they wouldn’t mind paying up to 10% more for the product if it contains recycled content and 13% more if the item is fully recyclable.

‘The data show that design for recycling not only benefits the environment and saves energy, but can increase a company’s bottom line,’ comments ISRI president Robin Wiener. ‘Consumers look for and are demanding more information about a product’s recyclability. Manufacturers that create products with recycling in mind can gain a significant edge over their competitors.’

According to the poll, 86% of respondents would appreciate manufacturers designing products for ease of disassembly in preparation for recycling. Introducing a ‘Recycling Guide’ label on products is what 81% of US consumers would like to see, providing details of the specific parts and percentage of the product that can be recycled.

Convenience remains an important issue, the survey once again demonstrates. Some 62% of consumers stated that they would ‘probably not’ recycle if the product in question was not convenient to recycle. Just under 19% of respondents said the product’s packaging is important as well, taking into account the materials used and its recyclability.

The Harris Poll survey targeted over 2000 consumers of 18 years and above. The complete report containing all the findings is available on the ISRI website at www.isri.org

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NASA astronaut to speak at e-scrap congress

Austria: More than 500 professionals and experts are expected to attend the 14th International Electronics Recycling Congress (IERC), which will take place in Salzburg mid January 2015. Topics to be discussed at the three-day event will include: WEEE 2020; the e-scrap value chain; 100 years of recycling in Finland; an update on electronics recycling in Kenya; and presentations on technical innovations.

This year’s guest speaker will be Ron Garan, ceo of US-based Impact CoLab – a retired NASA astronaut who believes that appropriate design and targeted social enterprise can solve many of the problems our world is facing. In addition, keynote speaker Telis Mistakidis of Glencore (Switzerland) will give an overview of the company’s metals business while David Higgins of the Interpol Environmental Crime Programme will focus on improving law enforcement regarding illegal waste shipments.

A large exhibition area will be integrated into the conference facility where equipment and service providers can meet potential clients. Cocktail receptions and a networking dinner will be held in order to bring together business partners, friends and competitors.

The congress organisers are also offering tours of plants in the vicinity of Salzburg, including a copper smelter and a major shredder plant.

For more information, contact: ICM

Phone: +41 62 785 1000

Email: info@icm.ch

www.icm.ch

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Stay green this Christmas

Stay green this Christmas.

Over the summer holidays, Aucklanders throw away about 30 per cent more rubbish than usual. You can help reduce this by:

  • using reusable shopping bags
  • recycling wrapping paper (except foil and cellophane wrapping) or using reusable gift bags
  • choosing an artificial Christmas tree (visit our website for advice on disposing of cut trees)
  • separating toy packaging and recycling the cardboard, or choosing non-packaged gifts
  • composting food scraps
  • using your nearest recycling point while on holiday, or taking recycling home.

Visit our Make The Most Of Waste website for more tips and information.

Source: Auckland City Council

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Dutch to test solar panels on bicycle path

Cyclists are forced to use the pavement passing a stretch of bicycle path where a solar panel roadway is being constructed in Krommenie, north of Amsterdam. Photo / AP
Cyclists are forced to use the pavement passing a stretch of bicycle path where a solar panel roadway is being constructed in Krommenie, north of Amsterdam. Photo / AP

A project dubbed “SolaRoad” gets underway in the Netherlands this week, testing roadways as a potential canvas to collect solar energy. Fittingly for the cycle-crazy Dutch, the first SolaRoad is a bike path not far from Amsterdam.

The path is built of massive, Lego-like modules of solar panels embedded in concrete, each with heavy-duty glass on top protecting them from wear. An additional rough translucent plastic coating ensures bikers don’t slip.

Sten de Wit of engineering firm TNO said each square metre of road generates 50-70 kilowatt hours of energy per year. That’s about enough for the initial strip of 70 yards to supply power to one or two Dutch households.

The test in the town of Krommenie is slated to run three years and will cost 3 million euros, funded equally by the province of North Holland and a consortium of Dutch companies eager to commercialise solar roads.

Although using roads for solar power may seem inconvenient and costly, De Wit says it enjoys significant advantages. Most obviously, the potential generating area is all but unlimited: in the Netherlands there are 35,000 kilometres of designated bike path alone.

Unlike power plants, solar roads can be located near where people live, and they still wouldn’t take up land needed for other purposes. That’s crucial in the Netherlands, which is both one of the world’s most densely populated countries, and one of its most intensely farmed.

De Wit says despite the high costs of designing, building, installing and measuring performance of the first SolaRoad, successor projects may be profitable within a decade. As solar cells get ever-cheaper and more efficient, installation and maintenance are quickly becoming the most expensive part of solar power.

“Rooftop arrays have only a small surface area and each has to be connected to the (electric) grid individually,” he said. But “road is laid down by the kilometre” and each segment can be easily chained together and connected to the grid at strategic locations.

“That means you’ll have economies of scale,” he said. “You’ll be able to push down installation costs way down proportionately.”

The project is already up and generating electricity before its formal opening.

– AP

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Unite or drown: Campaign against climate change

Low-lying island nations are regarded as some of the most vulnerable to rising seas blamed on man-made climate change. Photo / Thinkstock
Low-lying island nations are regarded as some of the most vulnerable to rising seas blamed on man-made climate change. Photo / Thinkstock

The president of the Seychelles has urged the planet’s small island nations to unite for an unprecedented campaign against climate change or else drown.

The rallying call came at the start of a two-day summit of the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS), a coalition of small island and low-lying coastal countries, to prepare for global climate talks to take place in Lima, Peru in December.

“Too often the world has chosen to ignore us. Too often we are treated as bystanders,” said Seychelles President James Michel, whose Indian Ocean island nation is hosting the meeting.

“Let us be heard on every beach and every roadside. Let us be heard in Beijing, in Delhi, in Johannesburg, in London, in Moscow, in New York, in Paris, in Rio. Let us be heard in every village, in every town, in every city of the world. Let us be heard on the airwaves,” he said.

“We cannot accept that climate change be treated as an inevitability. We cannot accept that any island be lost to sea level rise. We cannot accept that our islands be submerged by the rising oceans.”

Low-lying island nations, some of which are little more than one metre above sea level, are regarded as some of the most vulnerable to rising seas blamed on man-made climate change.

Some small states in the Pacific such as Kiribati have already begun examining options for their people if climate change forces them from their homeland.

“Climate change is the greatest threat of our time,” Michel said, saying that on the face of it the alliance appeared powerless.

“We do not have the economic means to build sophisticated defences We do not have the latest technology to better adapt to the problem… nor do we have the economic might to apply sanctions on those most guilty of causing the problem,” he said.

“But we have something that is invaluable, something that is powerful: we are the conscience of these negotiations. We stand as the defenders of the moral rights of every citizen of our planet.”

UN climate talks will take place in Lima next month to pave the way to a December 2015 pact in Paris to limit warming to two degrees Celsius. Under the lowest of four emissions scenarios given by UN experts on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global average temperatures over this century are likely to rise by 0.3-1.7 degrees Celsius, leading to a sea level rise of between 26-55 centimetres.

Under the highest scenario, warming would be 2.6-4.8 Celsius, causing a sea-level rise of 45-82 centimetres.

– AFP

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Why those charges for plastic bags actually work

In cities like Washington, you have to pay for your plastic bags at the checkout. Photo / Getty
In cities like Washington, you have to pay for your plastic bags at the checkout. Photo / Getty

In cities like Washington, you know the drill: After bagging your groceries, the checkout machine asks you how many bags you used. And if you used plastic or disposable bags (rather than bags you brought on your own), you have to pay 5 cents per bag.

Washington passed a law requiring as much in 2009 – a policy that states like New Jersey and New York are also considering, and that has been adopted around the world from Ireland and Scotland to South Africa.

Some localities have gone farther still – California and Hawaii have effectively banned plastic bags outright – but recent research suggests that charges or fees can also be effective (and have the added benefit of being less coercive). Moreover, it suggests that they work, at least in part, through a surprising mechanism.

Read also:
Napier reduces plastic refuse
Charge to stay for plastic bags

It’s not just the relatively minor added cost, on its own, that impels people to stop using plastic bags and to instead bring their own bags with them to the store.

Rather, it’s the way this small change disrupts habitual behaviours and helps people draw a tighter linkage between the environmental awareness that they already possess, and actions in the world that actually advance that consciousness and their values.

Such is the upshot of a new study on plastic-bag charges published in the Journal of Environmental Psychology by a team of Argentinian researchers, led by psychologist Adriana Jakovcevic of Buenos Aires University. Charging a relatively small amount for bags “produces changes in behaviour,” says Jakovcevic, “and these changes are not only because of the economic value of the incentive – there are also some other processes at play that involve environmental concerns.”

As the researchers note, Buenos Aires provides a perfect opportunity to study the effects of plastic-bag charges because in 2012, the vast city’s Environmental Protection Agency put in place bag restrictions that in turn led the leading supermarket chain association to institute a bag charge (the equivalent of 2.5 US cents for bags of medium size and 4 cents for large bags) on Octoober 9, 2012.

For smaller supermarket associations, meanwhile, the same charge went into effect roughly two months later on December 10, 2012. But for Gran Buenos Aires, the larger area that surrounds the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (CABA), there was no change instituted at all.

This is, the researchers note, a “natural experiment”: You have three groups of supermarket shoppers, two of which experienced new bag charges at different times, and one of which did not experience plastic-bag charges at all.

So the researchers conducted several field studies, observing shoppers leaving supermarkets in low-to-middle income areas in the three different regions at different times – before any policies went into place, after the first change, and after the second change.

The result was that, sure enough, the policies greatly increased the percentage of shoppers who were observed to be carrying their own bag. Clearly, the bag fees worked to dramatically increase the habit of people carrying their own bags.


In New Zealand, customers can purchase reusable shopping bags at The Warehouse and at most supermarkets. Photo / NZ Herald

But importantly, in a second study that involved directly interviewing consumers who were observed to leave supermarkets carrying either plastic bags or their own bags, the researchers tried to get at why they had begun to adopt this new behaviour, rather than paying the relatively small bag charges.

First, it turned out that a surprising number of people didn’t like the bag-charge policy, but started carrying their own bags anyway. According to Jakovcevic, it is likely that the small economic cost is the best way of explaining the behaviour of these individuals. Past research, however, has called into question whether a purely economic effect like this is a lasting one, with sustained influence on behaviour.

But there was another group of Argentinian shoppers – those who supported the charge and carried their own bags for reasons of environmental concern. They cared much less about economics and much more about green motives. “The people who supported the policy most, they also say they do it for environmental reasons,” says Jakovcevic, “and this is a stronger finding because it was an open question, the people could say anything that comes into their mind, and most of them say it was to protect the environment.”

For these shoppers, says Jakovcevic, the policy provided an opportunity to “rethink why they are using plastic bags or their own bags, and if they care about the environment, this will push them to change their behavior and change it longer over time.”

So just maybe a little charge can indeed help the environment. You don’t have to confiscate all the plastic bags in the world to save the environment. You can just give people the slightest push, and let them fix the problem themselves.

Washington Post